Medical statistics is an applied science which combines theory of statistics with medical science. It is an indispensable theoretical science to conduct scientific research and a mandatory course for all medical majors in universities. Currently， although there are many publications about medical statistics and manuals of statistical software， most of the textbooks of medical statistics emphasize on the theoretical aspects and lack of straight and thorough introduction of statistical software. Also， most of the manuals of statistical software mainly focus on the introduction of the software while lack concepts and theory of statistics. This textbook combines statistical methods with the common manipulation of SPSS software， which makes up the shortcomings mentioned above.

Chapter 1 Introduction to Medical Statistics
  1.1 Definition of Medical Statistics
  1.2 V ariables and Types of Data
  1.3 Probabilities
  1.4 Populations and S amples
  1.5 Errors and Residu als
  1.6 Steps of Statistical Work
Chapter 2 Tables and Graphs
  2.1 Tables
  2.2 Graphs
Chapter 3 Descriptive Statistics of Continuous Variables
  3.1 Introduction
  3.2 Distribution
  3.3 Measures of Location
  3.4 Measures of V ariation
  3.5 Application of Normal Distribution
  3.6 Application
Chapter 4 Descriptive Statistics of Catego rical Variables
  4.1 Introduction
  4.2 Ratios ， Frequency and Int ensity
  4.3 Crude Death Rate and Standardization
Chapter 5 Inferential Statistics— Confidence Intervals
  5.1 Introduction
  5.2 t‐distribution and Binomial Distribution
  5.3 Central Limit Theorem
  5.4 Confidence Intervals
Chapter 6 Inferential Statistics— ‐t tests
  6.1 Introduction
  6.2 Hyp othesis T esting
  6.3 One‐sample t‐test
  6.4 T wo‐sample t‐t est
  6.5 Paired‐sample t‐test
  6.6 F‐test for Equ al V ariances of Two Groups of Data
  6.7 T wo T ypes of Error and Power
  6.8 Application
Chapter 7 Analysis of Variance
  7.1 Introduction
  7.2 Basic Idea of ANOVA
  7.3 One‐way Analysis of V ariance
  7.4 Mutiple Comparisons
  7.5 Randomized Block Design ANOVA
  7.6 Application
Chapter 8 Ch‐i square Test
  8.1 Introduction
  8.2 T wo Independent S amples Chi‐square Test
  8.3 Paired Design Chi‐square Test
  8.4 Chi‐square Test for R × C Tables
Chapter 9 Nonparam etric Statistics
  9.1 Introduction
  9.2 Wilcoxon摧s Matched Pairs Test
  9.3 Tests of Differences Bet ween T wo Groups
  9.4 Tests of Differences Bet ween k Groups （Independent Samples）
Chapter 10 Correlations and Simple LinearRegressions
  10.1 Introduction
  10.2 Correlation Analysis
  10.3 Application of Correlation Analysis
  10.4 Simple Linear Regressions
  10.5 Application
Chapter 11 Multiple Linear Regression
  11.1 Introduction
  11.2 Concepts in Multiple Linear Regression
  11.3 Principles of Multiple Linear Regression
  11.4 Application
Chapter 12 Logistic Regression
  12.1 Introduction
  12.2 Concepts of Logistic Regression
  12.3 Principles of Logistic Regression
  12.4 Applications
Chapter 13 Study Design, Sam ple Size Estim ation,and Selection o f StatisticalM ethod
  13.1 Introduction
  13.2 Design of Observational Studies
  13.3 Design of Experiment al Studies
  13.4 Sample Size
  13.5 Selection of Statistical Methods
Appendix I Normal Distribution
Appendix II t Distribution
Appendix III F Distribution（ Homogeneity T est of Variances）
Appendix IV F Distribution（Analysis of V ariance）
Appendix V q Distribution
Appendix VI χ2 Distribution
Appendix VII T Distribution（Paired Design Signed Rank Test）
Appendix VIII T Distribution（Wilcoxon Mann‐Whitney Test ， Smaller T Value）
Appendix IX H Distribution（ Kruskal‐Wallis H Test）
Appendix Ⅹ r Distribution
Appendix XI rs Distribution
Appendix XII Random Di gits T able
Appendix XIII　Comprehensive Self‐test
Appendix XIV　An Introduction t o SPSS and its Application of Basic Statistical Methods